 Custom Search Back to Acid Base Links
Acids Link-->ACID NAMING RULES Properties- Produce H+ (H3O+) in water as the only positive ion. Acids are electrolytes. They ionize and conduct electricity in water. ex. HCl(aq) Dilute quantities taste sour. ex. Citric Acid Corrodes metals to produce hydrogen gas (H2) Concentrated Acids are CAUSTIC, they cause chemical burns to skin. Turn Blue Litmus Red Phenolphthalein turn colorless Neutralizes Bases pH less than 7 --->Strong Acids vs. Weak Acid Tutorial<--- Determining Strong Acids-Strong acids almost completely ionize in water. Looking at TABLE L the IONS lie to the right in the equilibrium equation. Therefore a LARGE value for K will indicate the equilibrium exist to the RIGHT and the acid is STRONG. EXAMPLES- HI, HBr, HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 Determining Weak Acids- Weak acids exist as molecules rather then ions in water. Looking at TABLE L, the since IONS lie to the right in the equilibrium equation and the molecules lie to the LEFT. A small value for K will indicate the equilibrium exist to the LEFT and the acid is WEAK. Conjugate Acid Base Pairs-
Given the reaction:CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) <---> CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+ CH3COOH is an acid in the forward reaction Bases Properties Produce OH- in water Taste bitter, chalky Electrolytes Feel slippery, like soap React with acid to form salt and water pH greater than 7 Turns red litmus blue Strong Bases-Bases that have a large Kb will ionize more completely and are thus stronger bases. A strong base has a lower H+ concentration because they are fully protonated and less hydrogen ions remain in the solution. A lower H+ concentration also means a higher OH- concentration and therefore, a larger Kb. Ex. Group 1 Hydroxides. NaOH, LiOH, RbOH, KOH Weak Bases-In chemistry, a weak base is a chemical base that does not ionize fully in an aqueous solution.
Back to Acid Base Links |
