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Neutralization- the reaction between an acid and a base, producing a salt and water; 

hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide form sodium chloride and water

HCl_(aq) + NaOH_(aq) → H₂O_(l) + NaCl_(aq)

Neutralization is the basis of titration, where a pH indicator shows equivalence point when the equivalent number of moles of a base have been added to an acid.

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Past Regents Questions on Neutralization

Aug 2010-

Aug 2009-26 Which substance is always a product when an Arrhenius acid in an aqueous solution reacts with an Arrhenius base in an aqueous solution?
(1) HBr     (3) KBr
(2) H₂O    (4) KOH

June 2009-26 Which word equation represents a neutralization reaction?
(1) base + acid �=> salt + water
(2) base +salt => water + acid
(3) salt + acid =>base + water
(4) salt + water=> acid + base

Jan 2008-45 What are the products of a reaction between KOH(aq) and HCl(aq)?
(1) H₂ and KClO    (3) KH and HClO
(2) H₂O and KCl    (4) KOH and HCl

Jan 2007-46 Given the balanced equation representing a reaction:
H₂SO_4(aq) + 2KOH_(aq) =>K₂SO_4(aq) + 2H₂O_(l)
Which type of reaction is represented by this equation?
(1) decomposition      (3) single replacement
(2) neutralization          (4) synthesis

Aug 2006-

June 2005-48 Sulfuric acid, H₂SO_4(aq), can be used to neutralize barium hydroxide,     Ba(OH)_2(aq). What is the formula for the salt produced by this neutralization?
(1) BaS        (3) BaSO₃
(2) BaSO₂    (4) BaSO₄

Jan 2005-47 Which chemical equation represents the reaction of an Arrhenius acid and an Arrhenius base?
(1) HC₂H₃O_2(aq) + NaOH_(aq) �--> NaC₂H₃O_2(aq) + H₂O_(l)
(2) C₃H_8(g) + 5 O_2(g)�-->  3 CO_2(g) + 4 H₂O_(l)
(3) Zn_(s) + 2 HCl_(aq)�--> ZnCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)
(4) BaCl_2(aq) + Na₂SO_4(aq) ��--> BaSO_4(s) + 2 NaCl_(aq)

June 2004-30 Which compound could serve as a reactant in a neutralization reaction?

(1) NaCl     (3) CH₃OH
(2) KOH     (4) CH₃CHO

Aug 2003-30. Which reaction occurs when hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to form water?

A. substitution
B. saponification
C.  ionization
D. neutralization

June 2002-25 Given the reaction:

HCl(aq) + LiOH(aq) → HOH(ℓ) + LiCl(aq)

The reaction is best described as

(1) neutralization
(2) synthesis
(3) decomposition
(4) oxidation-reduction

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